Abstract: Through the lab experiment, rock anomaly of oil-water relative permeability curve and abnormal curve influence factors were studied in X well area of Tarim oilfield. The results show that the well area the rock relative permeability curve showed a consistent anomaly characteristics, the curve is the" Hump" shape curve, water sensitivity and water lock are the most obvious on the relative permeability curve anomaly effects. Therefore, the effect of water sensitivity and water lock element is studied, corresponding measures are took to reduce the formation damage degree, which could provide scientific basis for the oil field development parameter calculation, dynamic analysis and numerical simulation .