Abstract: The gas reservoir of Shaximiao formation in the east slope of western Sichuan is mainly composed of single channel sand, which has the characteristics of narrow channel, thin reservoir, poor physical properties, strong heterogeneity, complex gas water distribution, etc, and it is difficult to optimize the deployment of horizontal wells, so it is necessary to carry out targeted research. According to the sedimentary characteristics, logging response, reservoir physical properties, pore structure and production dynamic characteristics of the gas reservoir, the classification standards of the narrow channel type is established, and three typical narrow channels are selected. The influence of channel sand body direction and artificial fracture direction on horizontal well production capacity is analyzed by numerical simulation. The results show that the orientation of channel sand body has a significant impact on the production performance of horizontal wells. The angle between the horizontal well bore and sand body is more than 15°, and the dynamic controlled reserves and cumulative production of gas wells will be greatly reduced. Keeping the angle between artificial fracture and horizontal well bore above 60° can improve the stable production capacity of gas wells. Based on the extension orientation and regional geo-stress distribution of the main channel sand body in the target area, the optimization principle of horizontal well orientation suitable for tight sandstone gas reservoir in narrow channel of Shaximiao formation on the east slope of western Sichuan is put forward, which provides a theoretical basis for the efficient development of horizontal wells in this area.