Abstract: Profile control is an important technology to stabilize oil production and control water cut for heterogeneous reservoir. The profile control effect is obviously distinct for different blocks of S oilfield. Based on the numerical simulation method, the effect of permeability ratio, oil viscosity and profile control radius on the profile control effect is discussed. The reasons for the distinct of profile control effect under different reservoir conditions are revealed. Based on the water injection profile and the profile control mechanism, a theoretical multi-layer model is built which consists of profile control layers and non-profile control layers. Through analyzing the distinct of injectivity index of different layers after profile control, a model of profile control effect evaluation is built by taking the variation coefficient of injectivity index into consideration. Based on the well and agent selection, radius optimization and effect evaluation, the profile control has been implemented on 2 wells of S oilfield in 2014. The average water cut decreases by 7%~8% for a well group, and the cumulative incremental oil reaches 1.6×10~4 m~3.