Abstract: The hydrocarbon exploration in Bole basin has not made major progress at present and then systematic analysis of hydrocarbon prospects was needed.Combined with the methods of field survey,geochemical analysis and seismic data,the evaluation on petroleum geological conditions of Bole basin was carried out.The results indicated there were three sets of source rocks in Bole basin,among which the Permian hydrocarbon source rock was the main one,there were 5 sets of reservoir-caprock assemblages,the Carboniferous marine carbonate rocks,clastic rocks and Paleogene fluvial facies sandstone were favorable reservoirs,the structural traps were mainly controlled by thrust faults and the area in southwest of Jinghe depression was the most favorable petroleum exploration prospect.