Abstract: Seepage flow patterns and water driving characteristics are special in deep low permeability oil layers. Based on analysis and study of core experiment data acquired from Wen 13 block in Zhongyuan oilfield, it is concluded that single phase seepage flow in deep low permeability reservoirs is characterized by non - Darcy flow. The lower the permeability is, the higher the starting pressure gradient; irreducible water saturation is high and the scope of oil and water two - phase flowing is narrow; and the oil recovery is the highest in reservoirs with fractures perpendicular to flow direction. It provides a basis for identifying remaining oil distribution and determining a rational program to enhance oil recovery in similar reservoirs.